ACCS Practice Exam 2026 – Complete Test Preparation Guide

Cardiogenic shock occurs as a result of myocardial infarction due to the heart's inability to pump blood effectively, which leads to inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation. When a myocardial infarction (MI) happens, the heart muscle is damaged, particularly when a significant portion of the myocardium becomes necrotic. This reduces the heart's contractility and output, resulting in decreased stroke volume and increased pressure in the heart chambers.

Patients in cardiogenic shock may present with signs of poor perfusion, such as hypotension, cold and clammy skin, altered mental status, and reduced urine output. The body compensates through mechanisms that ultimately may lead to further cardiac strain. Therefore, recognizing that myocardial infarction is a primary cause of cardiogenic shock is crucial in critical care settings, as timely intervention is vital to restore effective circulation and improve patient outcomes.

In contrast, allergic shock, septic shock, and hypovolemic shock have different underlying causes unrelated to the heart's ability to pump blood directly. Allergic shock is characterized by an acute allergic reaction that leads to anaphylaxis. Septic shock results from systemic infection and the body's response to it, primarily involving infection-induced vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. Hypovolemic shock